Cell Biology MCQs with Answers

Cell Biology MCQs are very important test and often asked by various testing services and competitive exams around the world. Here you will find all the Important Cell Biology MCQs for Preparation.

The student can clear their concepts for Cell Biology online quiz by attempting it. Doing MCQs based Cell Biology will help you to check your understanding and identify areas of improvement.

Cell Biology Online MCQs with Answers

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosomes
d) Lysosomes

Answer
c) Ribosomes

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
a) Regulation of cell entry and exit
b) Protection and support
c) Energy production
d) Cell signaling

Answer
c) Energy production

Which cellular structure contains the cell’s genetic material?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer
a) Nucleus

Which of the following is responsible for the breakdown of cellular waste and debris?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Vacuoles
d) Centrioles

Answer
a) Lysosomes

Which organelle is known as the “powerhouse” of the cell?
a) Endoplasmic reticulum
b) Nucleus
c) Mitochondria
d) Chloroplasts

Answer
c) Mitochondria

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell junction?
a) Gap junctions
b) Tight junctions
c) Desmosomes
d) Ribosomes

Answer
d) Ribosomes

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) Carbohydrate synthesis
d) Sorting and modifying cellular products

Answer
d) Sorting and modifying cellular products

Which type of cell division produces gametes (sex cells)?
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Binary fission

Answer
b) Meiosis

Which of the following is NOT a phase of the cell cycle?
a) Interphase
b) Prophase
c) Metaphase
d) Telophase

Answer
d) Telophase

Which of the following structures is responsible for maintaining cell shape and providing mechanical support?
a) Cytoskeleton
b) Nucleus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Golgi apparatus

Answer
a) Cytoskeleton

What is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Lysosomes
d) Chloroplasts

Answer
d) Chloroplasts

Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) Calcium storage
d) DNA replication

Answer
d) DNA replication

Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Peroxisomes
d) Vacuoles

Answer
c) Peroxisomes

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
a) Presence of a nucleus
b) Membrane-bound organelles
c) Single circular chromosome
d) Larger size compared to eukaryotic cells

Answer
c) Single circular chromosome

Which type of transport requires energy input from the cell?
a) Passive diffusion
b) Facilitated diffusion
c) Osmosis
d) Active transport

Answer
d) Active transport

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton?
a) Microtubules
b) Intermediate filaments
c) Microfilaments
d) Lysosomes

Answer
d) Lysosomes

What is the function of the centrioles in animal cells?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Cell division
c) Photosynthesis
d) Lipid synthesis

Answer
b) Cell division

What is the role of the nucleolus within the nucleus?
a) Storage of genetic material
b) Protein synthesis
c) Ribosome assembly
d) ATP production

Answer
c) Ribosome assembly

Which of the following is responsible for cell adhesion and maintaining tissue integrity?
a) Gap junctions
b) Tight junctions
c) Desmosomes
d) Ribosomes

Answer
c) Desmosomes

What is the function of the cilia in cells?
a) Cell movement
b) Protein synthesis
c) Lipid synthesis
d) ATP production

Answer
a) Cell movement

Which organelle contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Peroxisomes
d) Vacuoles

Answer
a) Lysosomes

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?
a) Diffusion
b) Osmosis
c) Active transport
d) Facilitated diffusion

Answer
c) Active transport

What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?
a) Protection and support
b) Protein synthesis
c) ATP production
d) Lipid synthesis

Answer
a) Protection and support

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis and modification of proteins in the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer
c) Endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of ATP in eukaryotic cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Chloroplasts

Answer
b) Mitochondria

Which of the following is NOT a function of the nucleus?
a) Storage of genetic material
b) Protein synthesis
c) Regulation of cell activities
d) Cell division

Answer
b) Protein synthesis

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) Ribosome assembly
d) DNA replication

Answer
b) Lipid synthesis

Which type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis?
a) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
b) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
c) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
d) All of the above

Answer
d) All of the above

Which of the following is responsible for the packaging and sorting of cellular products for transport?
a) Lysosomes
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Peroxisomes
d) Vacuoles

Answer
b) Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is NOT a function of the mitochondria?
a) ATP production
b) Cellular respiration
c) Calcium storage
d) Apoptosis regulation

Answer
c) Calcium storage

Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
a) Osmosis
b) Diffusion
c) Facilitated diffusion
d) Active transport

Answer
b) Diffusion

What is the function of the flagella in cells?
a) Cell movement
b) Protein synthesis
c) Lipid synthesis
d) ATP production

Answer
a) Cell movement

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids in the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer
c) Endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells?
a) Presence of a nucleus
b) Membrane-bound organelles
c) Larger size compared to prokaryotic cells
d) Single circular chromosome

Answer
d) Single circular chromosome

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of RNA in the cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Chloroplasts

Answer
a) Nucleus

What is the primary function of the ribosomes in cells?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Lipid synthesis
d) ATP production

Answer
b) Protein synthesis

Which type of cell division is responsible for growth and tissue repair?
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Binary fission

Answer
a) Mitosis

What is the function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
a) Protection and support
b) Regulation of cell entry and exit
c) Energy production
d) Cellular metabolism and transportation

Answer
d) Cellular metabolism and transportation

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?
a) Nucleus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer
d) Lysosomes

Which type of cellular transport involves the engulfing of large particles or microorganisms by the cell?
a) Pinocytosis
b) Phagocytosis
c) Exocytosis
d) Endocytosis

Answer
b) Phagocytosis

Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of drugs and harmful substances in liver cells?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Peroxisomes
d) Vacuoles

Answer
c) Peroxisomes

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
a) Cell signaling
b) Regulation of cell entry and exit
c) Protection and support
d) Energy production

Answer
d) Energy production

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?
a) Storage of genetic material
b) Protein synthesis
c) Regulation of cell activities
d) Separation of nucleus from cytoplasm

Answer
d) Separation of nucleus from cytoplasm

Which of the following structures is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Nucleolus

Answer
d) Nucleolus

Which of the following is responsible for the storage of water, nutrients, and waste products in plant cells?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Peroxisomes
d) Vacuoles

Answer
d) Vacuoles

Which type of cellular transport involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane?
a) Pinocytosis
b) Phagocytosis
c) Exocytosis
d) Osmosis

Answer
d) Osmosis

What is the function of the peroxisomes in cells?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) Detoxification of harmful substances
d) ATP production

Answer
c) Detoxification of harmful substances

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomes in the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Nucleolus

Answer
d) Nucleolus

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) Ribosome assembly
d) ATP production

Answer
a) Protein synthesis

Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids and the production of hydrogen peroxide in the cell?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Peroxisomes
d) Vacuoles

Answer
c) Peroxisomes

Which type of cell junction allows for the rapid exchange of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells?
a) Gap junctions
b) Tight junctions
c) Desmosomes
d) Ribosomes

Answer
a) Gap junctions

What is the function of the centrosome in animal cells?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Cell division
c) Photosynthesis
d) Lipid synthesis

Answer
b) Cell division

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase

Answer
d) Telophase

What is the role of the nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Regulation of cell entry and exit
c) DNA replication
d) ATP production

Answer
b) Regulation of cell entry and exit

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of proteins destined for export from the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer
c) Endoplasmic reticulum

Which type of cellular transport requires the assistance of carrier proteins?
a) Passive diffusion
b) Facilitated diffusion
c) Osmosis
d) Active transport

Answer
b) Facilitated diffusion

What is the function of the nucleoplasm within the nucleus?
a) Storage of genetic material
b) Protein synthesis
c) Ribosome assembly
d) Cellular metabolism and transportation

Answer
d) Cellular metabolism and transportation

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton?
a) Microtubules
b) Intermediate filaments
c) Microfilaments
d) Ribosomes

Answer
d) Ribosomes

What is the primary function of the lysosomes in cells?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cellular digestion
d) ATP production

Answer
c) Cellular digestion

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of carbohydrates in plant cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Chloroplasts
d) Golgi apparatus

Answer
c) Chloroplasts

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs in liver cells?
a) Lysosomes
b) Ribosomes
c) Peroxisomes
d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer
d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which type of cellular transport involves the release of substances from the cell?
a) Pinocytosis
b) Phagocytosis
c) Exocytosis
d) Endocytosis

Answer
c) Exocytosis

What is the function of the cytosol in a cell?
a) Protection and support
b) Regulation of cell entry and exit
c) Energy production
d) Cellular metabolism

Answer
d) Cellular metabolism

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of ATP in prokaryotic cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosomes
d) Cell membrane

Answer
d) Cell membrane

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis and packaging of lipids in the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer
c) Endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Nucleolus

Answer
d) Nucleolus

What is the function of the microvilli in cells?
a) Cell movement
b) Protein synthesis
c) Increased surface area for absorption
d) ATP production

Answer
c) Increased surface area for absorption

Which of the following is NOT a function of the peroxisomes?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Detoxification of harmful substances
c) Breakdown of fatty acids
d) Hydrogen peroxide production

Answer
a) Protein synthesis

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of steroids in cells?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer
c) Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the function of the nuclear matrix within the nucleus?
a) Storage of genetic material
b) Protein synthesis
c) Ribosome assembly
d) Structural support and organization

Answer
d) Structural support and organization

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