Which of the following is the driving force of evolution?
a) Genetic drift
b) Natural selection
c) Gene flow
d) Mutation
Answer: b) Natural selection
The process by which new species arise from existing species is called:
a) Speciation
b) Adaptation
c) Convergent evolution
d) Genetic drift
Answer: a) Speciation
The theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin is based on the concept of:
a) Acquired characteristics
b) Inheritance of acquired traits
c) Natural selection
d) Artificial selection
Answer: c) Natural selection
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolutionary change?
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Homeostasis
Answer: d) Homeostasis
The process by which individuals with traits that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Natural selection
Answer: d) Natural selection
The genetic variation within a population is primarily generated by:
a) Mutation
b) Genetic drift
c) Gene flow
d) Natural selection
Answer: a) Mutation
The concept that species change over time and share a common ancestry is known as:
a) Natural selection
b) Evolution
c) Adaptation
d) Mutation
Answer: b) Evolution
The study of the geographic distribution of species is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Biogeography
Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution?
a) The wings of bats and birds
b) The forelimbs of mammals
c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
d) The adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches
Answer: a) The wings of bats and birds
The study of the development of organisms from fertilized egg to adult is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: b) Comparative embryology
The process by which unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: a) Convergent evolution
The study of the fossil record is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: d) Paleontology
The theory that explains the observed patterns of evolution by combining natural selection and genetics is called:
a) Lamarckism
b) Inheritance of acquired traits
c) Modern synthesis
d) Punctuated equilibrium
Answer: c) Modern synthesis
The process by which a single species evolves into several different forms that occupy different habitats or ecological niches is called:
a) Adaptive radiation
b) Convergent evolution
c) Divergent evolution
d) Coevolution
Answer: a) Adaptive radiation
The study of the structure and form of organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: a) Comparative anatomy
Which of the following is NOT a type of natural selection?
a) Stabilizing selection
b) Disruptive selection
c) Directional selection
d) Artificial selection
Answer: d) Artificial selection
The process by which individuals with traits that are better adapted to their environment contribute more offspring to the next generation is known as:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Differential reproduction
Answer: d) Differential reproduction
The principle that states that the frequency of a trait in a population will increase if that trait confers a survival or reproductive advantage is called:
a) Natural selection
b) Genetic drift
c) Gene flow
d) Mutation
Answer: a) Natural selection
The process by which unrelated species evolve similar traits due to shared ancestry is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: b) Divergent evolution
The term “fitness” in the context of evolution refers to:
a) The physical strength of an organism.
b) The ability of an organism to survive in extreme environments.
c) The reproductive success of an organism.
d) The number of offspring produced by an organism.
Answer: c) The reproductive success of an organism.
Which of the following is an example of genetic drift?
a) The migration of individuals between populations.
b) The movement of genes between populations due to interbreeding.
c) The random loss of genetic variation due to a small population size.
d) The accumulation of genetic mutations over time.
Answer: c) The random loss of genetic variation due to a small population size.
The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an example of:
a) Natural selection
b) Genetic drift
c) Gene flow
d) Mutation
Answer: a) Natural selection
The process by which genes are exchanged between different populations of the same species is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Natural selection
Answer: b) Gene flow
The process by which new species evolve in response to each other is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: c) Coevolution
The study of the similarities and differences in the early developmental stages of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: b) Comparative embryology
Which of the following is an example of artificial selection?
a) The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
b) The breeding of dogs for specific traits.
c) The evolution of long necks in giraffes.
d) The occurrence of genetic mutations.
Answer: b) The breeding of dogs for specific traits.
The process by which species that were once similar become increasingly different over time is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: b) Divergent evolution
The study of the distribution of fossils and their relationships to geological time is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: d) Paleontology
The observation that more offspring are produced than can survive, leading to a struggle for existence, is known as:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Overproduction
d) Differential reproduction
Answer: c) Overproduction
The process by which species evolve in response to changes in their environment is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Adaptation
d) Mutation
Answer: c) Adaptation
The study of the similarities and differences in the structure of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: a) Comparative anatomy
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a) The wings of birds
b) The fins of fish
c) The appendix in humans
d) The long neck of a giraffe
Answer: c) The appendix in humans
The study of the processes that lead to the formation of new species is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Speciation
Answer: d) Speciation
The process by which species evolve similar traits independently as a result of adapting to similar environments is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: a) Convergent evolution
The occurrence of similar bone structures in different species, such as the wings of birds and the forelimbs of mammals, is an example of:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Homology
Answer: d) Homology
The study of the geographical distribution of species and the factors that influence their distribution is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Biogeography
Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?
a) The wings of birds
b) The fins of fish
c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
d) The adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches
Answer: c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
The study of the genetic makeup of populations and how it changes over time is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Population genetics
Answer: d) Population genetics
The accumulation of genetic changes in a population over time is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Evolution
Answer: d) Evolution
The process by which new species arise through the gradual accumulation of small genetic changes is known as:
a) Punctuated equilibrium
b) Gradualism
c) Adaptive radiation
d) Hybridization
Answer: b) Gradualism
The study of the similarities and differences in the early developmental stages of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: b) Comparative embryology
The process by which species evolve in response to changes in their environment is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Adaptation
d) Mutation
Answer: c) Adaptation
The study of the similarities and differences in the structure of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: a) Comparative anatomy
The observation that more offspring are produced than can survive, leading to a struggle for existence, is known as:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Overproduction
d) Differential reproduction
Answer: c) Overproduction
The process by which species evolve similar traits independently as a result of adapting to similar environments is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: a) Convergent evolution
The occurrence of similar bone structures in different species, such as the wings of birds and the forelimbs of mammals, is an example of:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Homology
Answer: d) Homology
The study of the geographical distribution of species and the factors that influence their distribution is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Biogeography
Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?
a) The wings of birds
b) The fins of fish
c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
d) The adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches
Answer: c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
The study of the genetic makeup of populations and how it changes over time is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Population genetics
Answer: d) Population genetics
The accumulation of genetic changes in a population over time is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Evolution
Answer: d) Evolution
The process by which new species arise through the gradual accumulation of small genetic changes is known as:
a) Punctuated equilibrium
b) Gradualism
c) Adaptive radiation
d) Hybridization
Answer: b) Gradualism
The study of the similarities and differences in the early developmental stages of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: b) Comparative embryology
The process by which species evolve in response to changes in their environment is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Adaptation
d) Mutation
Answer: c) Adaptation
The study of the similarities and differences in the structure of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: a) Comparative anatomy
The observation that more offspring are produced than can survive, leading to a struggle for existence, is known as:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Overproduction
d) Differential reproduction
Answer: c) Overproduction
The process by which species evolve similar traits independently as a result of adapting to similar environments is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: a) Convergent evolution
The occurrence of similar bone structures in different species, such as the wings of birds and the forelimbs of mammals, is an example of:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Homology
Answer: d) Homology
The study of the geographical distribution of species and the factors that influence their distribution is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Biogeography
Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?
a) The wings of birds
b) The fins of fish
c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
d) The adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches
Answer: c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
The study of the genetic makeup of populations and how it changes over time is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Population genetics
Answer: d) Population genetics
The accumulation of genetic changes in a population over time is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Mutation
d) Evolution
Answer: d) Evolution
The process by which new species arise through the gradual accumulation of small genetic changes is known as:
a) Punctuated equilibrium
b) Gradualism
c) Adaptive radiation
d) Hybridization
Answer: b) Gradualism
The study of the similarities and differences in the early developmental stages of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: b) Comparative embryology
The process by which species evolve in response to changes in their environment is called:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Adaptation
d) Mutation
Answer: c) Adaptation
The study of the similarities and differences in the structure of different organisms is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: a) Comparative anatomy
The observation that more offspring are produced than can survive, leading to a struggle for existence, is known as:
a) Genetic drift
b) Gene flow
c) Overproduction
d) Differential reproduction
Answer: c) Overproduction
The process by which species evolve similar traits independently as a result of adapting to similar environments is called:
a) Convergent evolution
b) Divergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Adaptive radiation
Answer: a) Convergent evolution
The occurrence of similar bone structures in different species, such as the wings of birds and the forelimbs of mammals, is an example of:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Homology
Answer: d) Homology
The study of the geographical distribution of species and the factors that influence their distribution is called:
a) Comparative anatomy
b) Comparative embryology
c) Biogeography
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Biogeography
Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?
a) The wings of birds
b) The fins of fish
c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
d) The adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches
Answer: c) The beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands
