Which of the following cells is responsible for the production of antibodies?
a) T cells
b) B cells
c) Natural killer cells
d) Macrophages
Answer: b) B cells
Which of the following is the primary function of the immune system?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Transport of oxygen
c) Defense against pathogens
d) Production of hormones
Answer: c) Defense against pathogens
Which of the following is NOT a type of adaptive immune response?
a) Innate immunity
b) Cell-mediated immunity
c) Humoral immunity
d) Memory response
Answer: a) Innate immunity
Which of the following is responsible for the recognition and elimination of infected or cancerous cells?
a) T cells
b) B cells
c) Natural killer cells
d) Macrophages
Answer: c) Natural killer cells
Which of the following is the primary site of lymphocyte maturation?
a) Bone marrow
b) Thymus
c) Spleen
d) Lymph nodes
Answer: b) Thymus
Which of the following is an example of a cytokine?
a) Antibody
b) Complement
c) Interleukin
d) Antigen
Answer: c) Interleukin
Which of the following cells is responsible for antigen presentation to T cells?
a) B cells
b) Macrophages
c) Natural killer cells
d) Neutrophils
Answer: b) Macrophages
Which of the following is the process by which antibodies bind to antigens and target them for destruction?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Inflammation
d) Vasodilation
Answer: a) Opsonization
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in allergic reactions?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: c) IgE
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells learn to recognize and respond to specific antigens?
a) Clonal expansion
b) Immunization
c) Tolerance
d) Clonal selection
Answer: d) Clonal selection
Which of the following is the type of immune response that occurs immediately upon encountering a pathogen?
a) Primary immune response
b) Secondary immune response
c) Passive immunity
d) Innate immunity
Answer: d) Innate immunity
Which of the following is the primary immunoglobulin found in the mucosal secretions such as saliva and tears?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: b) IgA
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells destroy pathogens by releasing toxic substances?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Apoptosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Opsonization
Answer: c) Cytotoxicity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells engulf and digest foreign particles or cells?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Endocytosis
c) Pinocytosis
d) Exocytosis
Answer: a) Phagocytosis
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to differentiate between self and non-self antigens?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: b) Tolerance
Which of the following is the type of immune response that occurs upon re-exposure to a previously encountered antigen?
a) Primary immune response
b) Secondary immune response
c) Passive immunity
d) Innate immunity
Answer: b) Secondary immune response
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is the first to be produced during an immune response?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: d) IgM
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells communicate with each other to coordinate an immune response?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Inflammation
d) Cell signaling
Answer: d) Cell signaling
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond to a wide variety of antigens?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Diversity
Answer: d) Diversity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells remember specific antigens for a faster and stronger response upon re-exposure?
a) Clonal expansion
b) Immunization
c) Tolerance
d) Memory response
Answer: d) Memory response
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is the most abundant in the bloodstream and tissues?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: a) IgG
Which of the following is the process by which antibodies neutralize the activity of toxins produced by pathogens?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Toxin production
d) Neutralization
Answer: d) Neutralization
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the activation of the complement system?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: d) IgM
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells increase in number to mount an effective immune response?
a) Clonal expansion
b) Immunization
c) Tolerance
d) Clonal selection
Answer: a) Clonal expansion
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is acquired through the transfer of antibodies from another individual?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: b) Passive immunity
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond more effectively to antigens upon subsequent exposures?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: d) Memory
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells release chemicals to recruit other immune cells to the site of infection?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Inflammation
d) Vasodilation
Answer: c) Inflammation
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that can cross the placenta and provide immunity to the fetus?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: a) IgG
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells learn to recognize and tolerate self-antigens?
a) Clonal expansion
b) Immunization
c) Tolerance
d) Clonal selection
Answer: c) Tolerance
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond specifically to a particular antigen?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Diversity
Answer: c) Specificity
Which of the following is the type of immune response that occurs after receiving a vaccination?
a) Primary immune response
b) Secondary immune response
c) Passive immunity
d) Innate immunity
Answer: a) Primary immune response
Which of the following is the process by which antibodies bind to pathogens and prevent their attachment to host cells?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Adherence
d) Neutralization
Answer: d) Neutralization
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in mucosal immunity?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: b) IgA
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells undergo programmed cell death?
a) Apoptosis
b) Necrosis
c) Phagocytosis
d) Lysis
Answer: a) Apoptosis
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is acquired through the production of antibodies in response to an infection or vaccination?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: a) Active immunity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and bind to specific antigens?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Adherence
d) Recognition
Answer: d) Recognition
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the allergic response and defense against parasites?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: c) IgE
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells release chemicals to increase blood flow and permeability at the site of infection?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Inflammation
d) Vasodilation
Answer: d) Vasodilation
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to mount a response against a specific antigen?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: a) Immunogenicity
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is present at birth and provides immediate but non-specific defense against pathogens?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: c) Innate immunity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and destroy cancer cells?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Neutralization
Answer: c) Cytotoxicity
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the primary immune response?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: d) IgM
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and destroy cells infected with intracellular pathogens?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Neutralization
Answer: c) Cytotoxicity
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond to a specific antigen upon initial exposure?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: a) Immunogenicity
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is acquired through the transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus during pregnancy?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: b) Passive immunity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells engulf and destroy pathogens or debris through the formation of a phagosome?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Endocytosis
c) Pinocytosis
d) Exocytosis
Answer: a) Phagocytosis
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the secondary immune response?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: a) IgG
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells release chemicals to attract other immune cells to the site of infection?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Chemotaxis
d) Neutralization
Answer: c) Chemotaxis
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond to a wide range of different antigens?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Diversity
Answer: d) Diversity
Which of the following is the type of immune response that occurs when an individual acquires immunity through the transfer of antibodies from another source?
a) Primary immune response
b) Secondary immune response
c) Passive immunity
d) Innate immunity
Answer: c) Passive immunity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells release chemicals to promote the destruction and removal of pathogens?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Inflammation
d) Chemotaxis
Answer: c) Inflammation
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the defense against bacterial and viral infections?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: a) IgG
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and destroy pathogens through the production of antibodies?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Neutralization
Answer: d) Neutralization
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond more effectively upon subsequent exposures to a specific antigen?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: d) Memory
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is acquired through the production of antibodies by the individual’s immune system?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: a) Active immunity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and bind to pathogens, promoting their destruction by other immune cells?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Adherence
d) Recognition
Answer: a) Opsonization
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the defense against mucosal infections?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: b) IgA
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells engulf and destroy pathogens through the release of toxic substances?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Apoptosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Opsonization
Answer: c) Cytotoxicity
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to recognize and respond to specific antigens?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: c) Specificity
Which of the following is the type of immune response that occurs upon initial exposure to a new antigen?
a) Primary immune response
b) Secondary immune response
c) Passive immunity
d) Innate immunity
Answer: a) Primary immune response
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells release chemicals to increase blood flow and vascular permeability at the site of infection?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Inflammation
d) Vasodilation
Answer: c) Inflammation
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that is involved in the defense against bacterial infections in body fluids?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: a) IgG
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and destroy pathogens through the production of toxic proteins?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Neutralization
Answer: c) Cytotoxicity
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond specifically to a particular antigen?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: c) Specificity
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is present at birth and provides immediate but non-specific defense against pathogens?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: c) Innate immunity
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells engulf and destroy pathogens or debris through the formation of a phagosome?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Endocytosis
c) Pinocytosis
d) Exocytosis
Answer: a) Phagocytosis
Which of the following is the class of antibodies that can cross the placenta and provide immunity to the fetus?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgE
d) IgM
Answer: a) IgG
Which of the following is the process by which immune cells recognize and destroy cells infected with intracellular pathogens?
a) Opsonization
b) Phagocytosis
c) Cytotoxicity
d) Neutralization
Answer: c) Cytotoxicity
Which of the following is the term for the ability of the immune system to respond more effectively upon subsequent exposures to a specific antigen?
a) Immunogenicity
b) Tolerance
c) Specificity
d) Memory
Answer: d) Memory
Which of the following is the type of immunity that is acquired through the production of antibodies by the individual’s immune system?
a) Active immunity
b) Passive immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Memory immunity
Answer: a) Active immunity
