What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
a) Energy production
b) Cell division
c) Cellular communication
d) Selective barrier
Answer: d) Selective barrier
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins in a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Nucleus
d) Mitochondria
Answer: b) Endoplasmic reticulum
Which molecule is the primary energy source for cellular activities?
a) Glucose
b) ATP
c) DNA
d) RNA
Answer: b) ATP
What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Energy production
c) Lipid synthesis
d) Calcium storage
Answer: b) Energy production
Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of cellular waste and foreign substances?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Peroxisome
Answer: b) Lysosome
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) DNA storage and replication
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) DNA storage and replication
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis and modification of cellular proteins?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Nucleus
d) Mitochondria
Answer: b) Endoplasmic reticulum
Which cellular structure is involved in the production of ribosomes?
a) Nucleolus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosome
Answer: a) Nucleolus
Which process allows cells to take in large particles by engulfing them?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: a) Endocytosis
What is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Lipid synthesis
d) Calcium storage
Answer: b) Protein synthesis
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids in a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Nucleus
d) Mitochondria
Answer: b) Endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is responsible for the transport of proteins within a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Nucleus
d) Mitochondria
Answer: a) Golgi apparatus
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Energy production
c) Lipid synthesis
d) Protein modification and sorting
Answer: d) Protein modification and sorting
Which cellular structure is responsible for the storage and release of calcium ions?
a) Nucleus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Mitochondria
Answer: c) Endoplasmic reticulum
Which process allows cells to export large molecules out of the cell?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: b) Exocytosis
Which cellular structure is responsible for the synthesis of RNA molecules?
a) Nucleolus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosome
Answer: a) Nucleolus
What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Cell division
c) Cellular communication
d) Structural support and cell movement
Answer: d) Structural support and cell movement
Which process involves the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: c) Osmosis
What is the function of peroxisomes in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Energy production
c) Lipid breakdown
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Lipid breakdown
Which process allows cells to move substances against their concentration gradient?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Active transport
Answer: d) Active transport
Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of harmful substances in a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Peroxisome
Answer: d) Peroxisome
What is the function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Storage of genetic material
d) Site of cellular activities
Answer: d) Site of cellular activities
Which process involves the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: d) Diffusion
What is the function of centrioles in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cell division
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Cell division
Which process involves the breakdown of glucose molecules to produce ATP?
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: c) Cellular respiration
What is the function of the nucleolus in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) DNA storage and replication
d) Ribosome production
Answer: d) Ribosome production
Which process allows cells to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Homeostasis
Answer: d) Homeostasis
What is the function of microvilli in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Increase surface area for absorption
d) Cell movement
Answer: c) Increase surface area for absorption
Which process involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plants?
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: b) Photosynthesis
What is the function of the nuclear envelope in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Regulation of material in and out of the nucleus
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Regulation of material in and out of the nucleus
Which organelle is responsible for the storage and release of neurotransmitters in a neuron?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Synaptic vesicles
Answer: d) Synaptic vesicles
What is the function of microfilaments in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Cell division
c) Structural support and cell movement
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: c) Structural support and cell movement
Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Active transport
Answer: d) Active transport
What is the function of cilia in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cell movement and sensory functions
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Cell movement and sensory functions
Which process involves the production of new cells for growth and repair?
a) Glycolysis
b) Mitosis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: b) Mitosis
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Structural support and protection
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Structural support and protection
Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances in a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Peroxisome
Answer: d) Peroxisome
What is the function of the flagella in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cell movement
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Cell movement
Which process involves the breakdown of glucose without the presence of oxygen?
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: d) Fermentation
What is the function of the endomembrane system in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Intracellular transport and communication
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Intracellular transport and communication
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Certainly! Here are 40 more Cell Physiology MCQs with answers:
Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, facilitated by transport proteins?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Facilitated diffusion
Answer: d) Facilitated diffusion
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Energy production
c) Lipid synthesis and detoxification
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Lipid synthesis and detoxification
Which organelle is responsible for the storage and release of neurotransmitters in a neuron?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Synaptic vesicles
Answer: d) Synaptic vesicles
What is the function of microfilaments in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Cell division
c) Structural support and cell movement
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: c) Structural support and cell movement
Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, using energy from ATP?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Active transport
Answer: d) Active transport
What is the function of cilia in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cell movement and sensory functions
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Cell movement and sensory functions
Which process involves the production of new cells for growth and repair?
a) Glycolysis
b) Mitosis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: b) Mitosis
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Structural support and protection
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Structural support and protection
Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances in a cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Peroxisome
Answer: d) Peroxisome
What is the function of the flagella in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cell movement
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Cell movement
Which process involves the breakdown of glucose without the presence of oxygen?
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: d) Fermentation
What is the function of the endomembrane system in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Intracellular transport and communication
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Intracellular transport and communication
Which cellular structure is responsible for the synthesis of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation?
a) Nucleus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Mitochondria
d) Ribosomes
Answer: c) Mitochondria
What is the function of the nuclear pore complex in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Regulation of material in and out of the nucleus
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Regulation of material in and out of the nucleus
Which process involves the uptake of large molecules into a cell by the formation of vesicles?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: a) Endocytosis
What is the function of the nuclear matrix in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Structural support and organization of chromatin
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Structural support and organization of chromatin
Which process involves the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: c) Osmosis
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Energy production
c) Digestion and recycling of cellular waste
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Digestion and recycling of cellular waste
Which cellular structure is responsible for the synthesis of proteins?
a) Nucleus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosome
Answer: c) Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of the nuclear envelope in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Regulation of material in and out of the nucleus
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Regulation of material in and out of the nucleus
Which process involves the transport of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Vesicular transport
Answer: d) Vesicular transport
What is the function of peroxisomes in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: c) Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis, processing, and packaging of proteins?
a) Nucleus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Mitochondria
d) Ribosomes
Answer: b) Golgi apparatus
What is the function of microtubules in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Cell division
c) Structural support and cell movement
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: c) Structural support and cell movement
Which process involves the release of substances from a cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: b) Exocytosis
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins
d) Calcium storage
Answer: c) Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins
Which process involves the breakdown of glucose molecules to produce ATP?
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: c) Cellular respiration
What is the function of the nucleolus in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) DNA storage and replication
d) Ribosome production
Answer: d) Ribosome production
Which process allows cells to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes?
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Osmosis
d) Homeostasis
Answer: d) Homeostasis
What is the function of microvilli in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Increase surface area for absorption
d) Cell movement
Answer: c) Increase surface area for absorption
Which process involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plants?
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cellular respiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: b) Photosynthesis
