Who is credited with the discovery of penicillin, the world’s first antibiotic?
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Robert Koch
d) Edward Jenner
Answer: a) Alexander Fleming
Which scientist proposed the theory of relativity, revolutionizing our understanding of space, time, and gravity?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Albert Einstein
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Nikola Tesla
Answer: b) Albert Einstein
Who discovered the laws of motion and the universal law of gravitation?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Aristotle
Answer: a) Isaac Newton
Which scientist is known for discovering the structure of DNA, the molecule responsible for genetic inheritance?
a) James Watson
b) Francis Crick
c) Rosalind Franklin
d) Linus Pauling
Answer: a) James Watson and Francis Crick
Who is credited with the discovery of radioactivity, which led to groundbreaking research in nuclear physics?
a) Marie Curie
b) Ernest Rutherford
c) Niels Bohr
d) Albert Einstein
Answer: a) Marie Curie
Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection, explaining the diversity of life on Earth?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) Louis Pasteur
d) Thomas Edison
Answer: a) Charles Darwin
Who discovered the law of conservation of energy, formulating the principle of the conservation of energy?
a) James Clerk Maxwell
b) Michael Faraday
c) Hermann von Helmholtz
d) Rudolf Clausius
Answer: c) Hermann von Helmholtz
Which scientist is known for the discovery of the electron, which revolutionized our understanding of atomic structure?
a) J.J. Thomson
b) Ernest Rutherford
c) Max Planck
d) Werner Heisenberg
Answer: a) J.J. Thomson
Who discovered the principle of electromagnetism, formulating Maxwell’s equations?
a) James Clerk Maxwell
b) Michael Faraday
c) Nikola Tesla
d) Isaac Newton
Answer: a) James Clerk Maxwell
Which scientist discovered the law of gravity and made significant contributions to the fields of physics and mathematics?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Albert Einstein
d) Nikola Tesla
Answer: a) Isaac Newton
Who discovered the first effective polio vaccine, leading to the near-eradication of the disease?
a) Albert Sabin
b) Jonas Salk
c) Edward Jenner
d) Louis Pasteur
Answer: b) Jonas Salk
Which scientist discovered the principles of heredity through his experiments with pea plants?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) James Watson
d) Francis Crick
Answer: b) Gregor Mendel
Who discovered X-rays, leading to advancements in medical imaging and the understanding of atomic structure?
a) Wilhelm Roentgen
b) Max Planck
c) Niels Bohr
d) Ernest Rutherford
Answer: a) Wilhelm Roentgen
Which scientist is known for the discovery of the laws of thermodynamics, laying the foundation for the study of energy?
a) Rudolf Clausius
b) James Clerk Maxwell
c) Albert Einstein
d) Lord Kelvin
Answer: a) Rudolf Clausius
Who discovered the existence of the ozone layer and its importance in protecting life on Earth?
a) Charles Fabry
b) Charles Keeling
c) James Lovelock
d) Paul Crutzen
Answer: d) Paul Crutzen
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the planet Uranus, expanding our understanding of the solar system?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Nicolaus Copernicus
c) William Herschel
d) Johannes Kepler
Answer: c) William Herschel
Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA, providing insights into the mechanisms of genetic replication?
a) James Watson
b) Francis Crick
c) Rosalind Franklin
d) Linus Pauling
Answer: a) James Watson and Francis Crick
Which scientist is known for discovering the law of conservation of mass, laying the foundation for modern chemistry?
a) Antoine Lavoisier
b) Dmitri Mendeleev
c) Marie Curie
d) Robert Boyle
Answer: a) Antoine Lavoisier
Who discovered the theory of plate tectonics, revolutionizing our understanding of Earth’s geological processes?
a) Alfred Wegener
b) Charles Lyell
c) James Hutton
d) Harry Hess
Answer: a) Alfred Wegener
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the principle of vaccination, leading to the prevention of infectious diseases?
a) Edward Jenner
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Robert Koch
d) Alexander Fleming
Answer: a) Edward Jenner
Who discovered the planet Neptune through mathematical calculations based on perturbations in the orbit of Uranus?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Nicolaus Copernicus
c) Urbain Le Verrier
d) Johannes Kepler
Answer: c) Urbain Le Verrier
Which scientist is known for the discovery of the laws of electromagnetism, formulating Maxwell’s equations?
a) James Clerk Maxwell
b) Michael Faraday
c) Nikola Tesla
d) Isaac Newton
Answer: a) James Clerk Maxwell
Who discovered the first successful antibiotic, streptomycin, which was effective against tuberculosis?
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Howard Florey
c) Paul Ehrlich
d) Selman Waksman
Answer: b) Howard Florey
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the laws of planetary motion, providing a mathematical description of the movement of planets?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Nicolaus Copernicus
Answer: c) Johannes Kepler
Who discovered the process of pasteurization, which helps prevent the spoilage of food and beverages?
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Robert Koch
c) Edward Jenner
d) Alexander Fleming
Answer: a) Louis Pasteur
Which scientist discovered the principles of radioactivity and the radioactive decay of elements?
a) Marie Curie
b) Ernest Rutherford
c) Niels Bohr
d) Albert Einstein
Answer: a) Marie Curie
Who discovered the process of nuclear fission, leading to the development of atomic bombs and nuclear power?
a) Otto Hahn
b) Enrico Fermi
c) Ernest Rutherford
d) James Chadwick
Answer: a) Otto Hahn
Which scientist is known for discovering the laws of genetics and the inheritance of traits?
a) Gregor Mendel
b) Charles Darwin
c) James Watson
d) Francis Crick
Answer: a) Gregor Mendel
Who discovered the planet Pluto, which was later reclassified as a dwarf planet?
a) Clyde Tombaugh
b) Percival Lowell
c) William Herschel
d) Gerard Kuiper
Answer: a) Clyde Tombaugh
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of insulin, revolutionizing the treatment of diabetes?
a) Frederick Banting
b) Charles Best
c) James Collip
d) John Macleod
Answer: a) Frederick Banting and Charles Best
Who discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetism and formulated the laws of electromagnetic induction?
a) Michael Faraday
b) James Clerk Maxwell
c) Nikola Tesla
d) Thomas Edison
Answer: a) Michael Faraday
Which scientist is known for the discovery of the principles of atomic structure, including the existence of the neutron?
a) Ernest Rutherford
b) J.J. Thomson
c) Niels Bohr
d) James Chadwick
Answer: d) James Chadwick
Who discovered the law of conservation of momentum, a fundamental principle in physics?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Albert Einstein
d) Niels Bohr
Answer: a) Isaac Newton
Which scientist is known for discovering the principles of genetics through his experiments with pea plants?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) James Watson
d) Francis Crick
Answer: b) Gregor Mendel
Who discovered the process of photosynthesis, revealing how plants convert sunlight into chemical energy?
a) Jan Ingenhousz
b) Joseph Priestley
c) Antoine Lavoisier
d) Robert Boyle
Answer: a) Jan Ingenhousz
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the laws of motion and the concept of gravity?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Albert Einstein
d) Nikola Tesla
Answer: a) Isaac Newton
Who discovered the process of nuclear fusion, the source of energy in stars?
a) Hans Bethe
b) Enrico Fermi
c) Ernest Rutherford
d) James Chadwick
Answer: a) Hans Bethe
Which scientist is known for the discovery of the laws of planetary motion and the three laws of motion?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Nicolaus Copernicus
Answer: a) Isaac Newton
Who discovered the process of selective breeding, leading to advancements in agriculture and animal husbandry?
a) Gregor Mendel
b) Charles Darwin
c) Louis Pasteur
d) Robert Koch
Answer: b) Charles Darwin
What scientist is credited with discovering the structure of benzene, pioneering the field of organic chemistry?
a) August Kekule
b) Friedrich August Kekule
c) Marie Curie
d) Dmitri Mendeleev
Answer: a) August Kekule
Who discovered the principle of natural selection, providing a mechanism for the evolution of species?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) Louis Pasteur
d) Thomas Edison
Answer: a) Charles Darwin
Which scientist is known for discovering the existence of the Higgs boson, a fundamental particle in physics?
a) Peter Higgs
b) François Englert
c) Albert Einstein
d) Niels Bohr
Answer: a) Peter Higgs and François Englert
Who discovered the phenomenon of radio waves and developed the first wireless telegraphy system?
a) Guglielmo Marconi
b) Alexander Graham Bell
c) Thomas Edison
d) Nikola Tesla
Answer: a) Guglielmo Marconi
Which scientist is known for discovering the laws of thermodynamics, including the concept of entropy?
a) Rudolf Clausius
b) James Clerk Maxwell
c) Albert Einstein
d) Lord Kelvin
Answer: a) Rudolf Clausius
Who discovered the process of artificial radioactivity, leading to the development of nuclear medicine?
a) Marie Curie
b) Ernest Rutherford
c) Niels Bohr
d) Albert Einstein
Answer: b) Ernest Rutherford
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the laws of electromagnetic induction and the dynamo?
a) Michael Faraday
b) James Clerk Maxwell
c) Nikola Tesla
d) Thomas Edison
Answer: a) Michael Faraday
Who discovered the first successful vaccine for smallpox, paving the way for the eradication of the disease?
a) Edward Jenner
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Robert Koch
d) Alexander Fleming
Answer: a) Edward Jenner
Which scientist is known for discovering the principles of atomic theory and chemical elements?
a) John Dalton
b) Dmitri Mendeleev
c) Antoine Lavoisier
d) Robert Boyle
Answer: a) John Dalton
Who discovered the process of nuclear decay and the concept of half-life in radioactive substances?
a) Ernest Rutherford
b) J.J. Thomson
c) Niels Bohr
d) Marie Curie
Answer: a) Ernest Rutherford
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the laws of planetary motion and the heliocentric model of the solar system?
a) Nicolaus Copernicus
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Isaac Newton
Answer: a) Nicolaus Copernicus
