An acid is a substance that:
a) Accepts protons
b) Donates protons
c) Accepts electrons
d) Donates electrons
Answer: b) Donates protons
A base is a substance that:
a) Accepts protons
b) Donates protons
c) Accepts electrons
d) Donates electrons
Answer: a) Accepts protons
The pH scale is a measure of:
a) Temperature
b) Concentration of protons
c) Concentration of hydroxide ions
d) Concentration of electrons
Answer: b) Concentration of protons
The pH scale ranges from:
a) 0 to 7
b) 0 to 14
c) 7 to 14
d) -7 to 7
Answer: b) 0 to 14
A pH of 7 indicates a:
a) Neutral solution
b) Acidic solution
c) Basic solution
d) Alkaline solution
Answer: a) Neutral solution
A pH less than 7 indicates a:
a) Neutral solution
b) Acidic solution
c) Basic solution
d) Alkaline solution
Answer: b) Acidic solution
A pH greater than 7 indicates a:
a) Neutral solution
b) Acidic solution
c) Basic solution
d) Alkaline solution
Answer: c) Basic solution
A solution with a pH of 1 is:
a) Neutral
b) Slightly acidic
c) Highly acidic
d) Slightly basic
Answer: c) Highly acidic
A solution with a pH of 8 is:
a) Neutral
b) Slightly acidic
c) Highly acidic
d) Slightly basic
Answer: d) Slightly basic
The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution with a pH of 3 is:
a) 10-3 M
b) 10-7 M
c) 10-10 M
d) 10-14 M
Answer: a) 10-3 M
The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in a neutral solution is:
a) 10-3 M
b) 10-7 M
c) 10-10 M
d) 10-14 M
Answer: b) 10-7 M
A strong acid:
a) Dissociates completely in water
b) Partially dissociates in water
c) Does not dissociate in water
d) Reacts with water to form a base
Answer: a) Dissociates completely in water
A weak acid:
a) Dissociates completely in water
b) Partially dissociates in water
c) Does not dissociate in water
d) Reacts with water to form a base
Answer: b) Partially dissociates in water
Which of the following is a strong acid?
a) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
b) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
c) Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
d) Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
Answer: b) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Which of the following is a weak acid?
a) Nitric acid (HNO3)
b) Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
c) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
d) Perchloric acid (HClO4)
Answer: c) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
A strong base:
a) Accepts protons completely in water
b) Donates protons completely in water
c) Accepts electrons completely in water
d) Donates electrons completely in water
Answer: a) Accepts protons completely in water
A weak base:
a) Accepts protons partially in water
b) Donates protons partially in water
c) Accepts electrons partially in water
d) Donates electrons partially in water
Answer: a) Accepts protons partially in water
Which of the following is a strong base?
a) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
b) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
c) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
d) Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
Answer: b) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Which of the following is a weak base?
a) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
b) Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
d) Nitric acid (HNO3)
Answer: c) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
A salt is formed by the reaction between:
a) An acid and a base
b) An acid and a salt
c) A base and a salt
d) Two salts
Answer: a) An acid and a base
The conjugate acid of a base is:
a) The protonated form of the base
b) The deprotonated form of the base
c) The same as the base
d) Not related to the base
Answer: a) The protonated form of the base
The conjugate base of an acid is:
a) The protonated form of the acid
b) The deprotonated form of the acid
c) The same as the acid
d) Not related to the acid
Answer: b) The deprotonated form of the acid
A buffer solution is composed of:
a) A weak acid and its conjugate base
b) A strong acid and its conjugate base
c) A weak acid and a strong base
d) A strong acid and a weak base
Answer: a) A weak acid and its conjugate base
A buffer solution is used to:
a) Maintain a constant pH
b) Increase the pH of a solution
c) Decrease the pH of a solution
d) Neutralize an acidic solution
Answer: a) Maintain a constant pH
The pKa of an acid is a measure of its:
a) Basicity
b) Acidity
c) Ionization constant
d) Concentration
Answer: b) Acidity
Which of the following acids is the weakest?
a) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
b) Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
c) Nitric acid (HNO3)
d) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Answer: d) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Which of the following bases is the weakest?
a) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b) Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
d) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Answer: c) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
The term “amphoteric” refers to a substance that:
a) Acts as both an acid and a base
b) Is only acidic
c) Is only basic
d) Does not react with acids or bases
Answer: a) Acts as both an acid and a base
Which of the following is an example of an amphoteric substance?
a) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
c) Water (H2O)
d) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Answer: c) Water (H2O)
The process of adding a strong acid or a strong base to a solution to determine its concentration is called:
a) Titration
b) Neutralization
c) Hydrolysis
d) Oxidation
Answer: a) Titration
In a titration, the point at which the acid and base are present in stoichiometrically equivalent amounts is called:
a) Equivalence point
b) Endpoint
c) Neutral point
d) Transition point
Answer: a) Equivalence point
An indicator is a substance that:
a) Changes color at the equivalence point of a titration
b) Changes color at the endpoint of a titration
c) Reacts with acids and bases
d) Acts as a catalyst in a titration
Answer: b) Changes color at the endpoint of a titration
Litmus paper turns _____ in an acidic solution and _____ in a basic solution.
a) Red, blue
b) Blue, red
c) Yellow, green
d) Green, yellow
Answer: b) Blue, red
Phenolphthalein turns _____ in an acidic solution and _____ in a basic solution.
a) Red, blue
b) Blue, red
c) Yellow, green
d) Green, yellow
Answer: a) Red, blue
Methyl orange turns _____ in an acidic solution and _____ in a basic solution.
a) Red, blue
b) Blue, red
c) Yellow, green
d) Green, yellow
Answer: a) Red, blue
Bromothymol blue turns _____ in an acidic solution and _____ in a basic solution.
a) Red, blue
b) Blue, red
c) Yellow, green
d) Green, yellow
Answer: c) Yellow, green
A pH indicator is most effective when its pKa is:
a) Close to 0
b) Close to 7
c) Close to 14
d) Not related to pH
Answer: b) Close to 7
Acid rain is caused by the presence of _____ in the atmosphere.
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Nitrogen
c) Sulfur dioxide
d) Oxygen
Answer: c) Sulfur dioxide
Acid rain can have harmful effects on:
a) Plants
b) Buildings and monuments
c) Aquatic life
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Antacids are used to:
a) Increase the acidity of the stomach
b) Decrease the acidity of the stomach
c) Neutralize acids in the stomach
d) Enhance the production of acids in the stomach
Answer: c) Neutralize acids in the stomach
The primary component of stomach acid is:
a) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
b) Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
c) Nitric acid (HNO3)
d) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Answer: a) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
The pH of the human body is generally:
a) 1
b) 7
c) 14
d) Slightly acidic
Answer: d) Slightly acidic
Which of the following is an example of a strong acid found in nature?
a) Citric acid
b) Ascorbic acid
c) Hydrochloric acid
d) Acetic acid
Answer: c) Hydrochloric acid
Which of the following is an example of a weak acid found in nature?
a) Lactic acid
b) Sulfuric acid
c) Nitric acid
d) Perchloric acid
Answer: a) Lactic acid
Which of the following is an example of a strong base found in nature?
a) Ammonium hydroxide
b) Sodium hydroxide
c) Potassium hydroxide
d) Calcium hydroxide
Answer: b) Sodium hydroxide
Which of the following is an example of a weak base found in nature?
a) Ammonium hydroxide
b) Sodium hydroxide
c) Potassium hydroxide
d) Calcium hydroxide
Answer: a) Ammonium hydroxide
The process of neutralization involves the reaction between:
a) An acid and a base
b) An acid and a salt
c) A base and a salt
d) Two salts
Answer: a) An acid and a base
The neutralization of an acid and a base results in the formation of:
a) Water and a salt
b) Water and an acid
c) Water and a base
d) Water and an oxide
Answer: a) Water and a salt
Which of the following substances is amphoteric?
a) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b) Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
c) Water (H2O)
d) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Answer: c) Water (H2O)
Which of the following is used to measure the pH of a solution?
a) pH meter
b) Litmus paper
c) pH indicator
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
A solution with a pH of 3 is _____ times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 6.
a) 3
b) 10
c) 100
d) 1000
Answer: c) 100
A solution with a pH of 10 is _____ times more basic than a solution with a pH of 7.
a) 3
b) 10
c) 100
d) 1000
Answer: c) 100
The term “pOH” is used to represent the:
a) Concentration of protons in a solution
b) Concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution
c) pH of a solution
d) pKa of an acid
Answer: b) Concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution
The relationship between pH and pOH is:
a) pH + pOH = 7
b) pH + pOH = 14
c) pH = 7 – pOH
d) pH = 14 – pOH
Answer: b) pH + pOH = 14
The dissociation of an acid in water is described by the:
a) Ionization constant (Ka)
b) Dissociation constant (Kd)
c) Equilibrium constant (K)
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Ionization constant (Ka)
The dissociation of a base in water is described by the:
a) Ionization constant (Kb)
b) Dissociation constant (Kd)
c) Equilibrium constant (K)
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Ionization constant (Kb)
The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution with a pOH of 5 is:
a) 10-5 M
b) 10-7 M
c) 10-9 M
d) 10-14 M
Answer: a) 10-5 M
The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution with a pOH of 9 is:
a) 10-5 M
b) 10-7 M
c) 10-9 M
d) 10-14 M
Answer: a) 10-5 M
The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution with a pH of 2 is:
a) 10-2 M
b) 10-7 M
c) 10-12 M
d) 10-14 M
Answer: c) 10-12 M
The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution with a pH of 12 is:
a) 10-2 M
b) 10-7 M
c) 10-12 M
d) 10-14 M
Answer: c) 10-12 M
