What is the study of Earth’s atmosphere, weather, and climate called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Astronomy
Answer: b) Meteorology
Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
Answer: b) Stratosphere
What is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: b) Weathering
What type of rock forms from the cooling and solidification of molten lava?
a) Sedimentary rock
b) Metamorphic rock
c) Igneous rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: c) Igneous rock
What is the study of Earth’s physical structure, composition, and history called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Ecology
Answer: a) Geology
What is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas called?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Precipitation
d) Transpiration
Answer: a) Evaporation
What is the layer of Earth’s interior that consists of molten rock called?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Core
d) Lithosphere
Answer: b) Mantle
What is the study of Earth’s oceans, including their composition, currents, and marine life called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Ecology
Answer: c) Oceanography
What is the process of rocks and sediments settling and accumulating on the Earth’s surface called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: d) Deposition
What is the largest layer of the Earth’s interior, composed mainly of solid iron and nickel?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Core
d) Lithosphere
Answer: c) Core
What is the process of water vapor turning into liquid water called?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Precipitation
d) Transpiration
Answer: b) Condensation
What type of rock forms from the transformation of existing rock through heat and pressure?
a) Sedimentary rock
b) Metamorphic rock
c) Igneous rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: b) Metamorphic rock
What is the study of Earth’s ecosystems and the interactions between living organisms and their environment called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Ecology
d) Oceanography
Answer: c) Ecology
What is the process by which ice changes directly into water vapor without becoming a liquid called?
a) Melting
b) Sublimation
c) Freezing
d) Condensation
Answer: b) Sublimation
What is the study of Earth’s landforms, including mountains, valleys, and plains called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Topography
Answer: a) Geology
What is the process of wind, water, or ice moving particles of rock and soil called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: a) Erosion
What is the outermost layer of the Earth’s surface, consisting of solid rock?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Core
d) Lithosphere
Answer: a) Crust
What is the study of Earth’s atmosphere, including its composition and dynamics, called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Ecology
Answer: b) Meteorology
What is the process of solid ice changing into liquid water called?
a) Melting
b) Sublimation
c) Freezing
d) Condensation
Answer: a) Melting
What is the study of Earth’s magnetic field and its effects called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Geomagnetism
Answer: d) Geomagnetism
What is the process of rocks and sediments being transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: c) Sedimentation
What is the process of water falling from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface called?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Precipitation
d) Transpiration
Answer: c) Precipitation
What is the study of Earth’s rocks, minerals, and the processes that shape the Earth called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Astronomy
Answer: a) Geology
What is the process of water vapor being released from plants into the atmosphere called?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Precipitation
d) Transpiration
Answer: d) Transpiration
What is the study of Earth’s past climates and the factors that influence climate change called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Paleontology
d) Climatology
Answer: d) Climatology
What is the process of rocks and sediments settling and accumulating on the ocean floor called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: c) Sedimentation
What is the layer of Earth’s interior that includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle called?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Core
d) Lithosphere
Answer: d) Lithosphere
What is the study of Earth’s tectonic plates and the movements and interactions between them called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Plate tectonics
Answer: d) Plate tectonics
What is the process of water changing from a gas to a liquid called?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Precipitation
d) Transpiration
Answer: b) Condensation
What is the study of Earth’s geological history and the life forms that existed in the past called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Paleontology
d) Climatology
Answer: c) Paleontology
What is the process of liquid water turning into ice called?
a) Melting
b) Sublimation
c) Freezing
d) Condensation
Answer: c) Freezing
What is the study of Earth’s landforms and their formation processes called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Geomorphology
Answer: d) Geomorphology
What is the process of wind, water, or ice depositing particles of rock and soil called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: d) Deposition
What is the layer of Earth’s interior that is made up of solid rock, including the crust and uppermost mantle called?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Lithosphere
d) Asthenosphere
Answer: c) Lithosphere
What is the study of Earth’s natural resources, including minerals, water, and energy sources called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Natural resource management
Answer: d) Natural resource management
What is the process of rocks and sediments being carried away by wind, water, or ice called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: a) Erosion
What is the study of Earth’s magnetic field and its effects on the Earth’s surface called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Geomagnetism
Answer: d) Geomagnetism
What is the process of water vapor turning into solid ice without becoming a liquid called?
a) Melting
b) Sublimation
c) Freezing
d) Condensation
Answer: b) Sublimation
What is the study of Earth’s landforms, including mountains, valleys, and plains called?
a) Geology
b) Meteorology
c) Oceanography
d) Topography
Answer: d) Topography
What is the process of rocks and sediments being carried and transported by wind, water, or ice called?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Deposition
Answer: a) Erosion
