Which of the following is a technique used to amplify a specific DNA sequence?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Which of the following is an enzyme used in genetic engineering to cut DNA at specific sequences?
a) DNA polymerase
b) Ligase
c) Restriction endonuclease
d) RNA polymerase
Answer: c) Restriction endonuclease
Which of the following is a vector commonly used to deliver genes into bacterial cells?
a) Plasmid
b) Phage
c) Cosmid
d) BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome)
Answer: a) Plasmid
Which of the following is a technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: a) Gel electrophoresis
Which of the following is a process used to transfer genes from one organism to another?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Cloning
c) Hybridization
d) Mutagenesis
Answer: a) Genetic engineering
Which of the following is a technique used to detect and analyze specific proteins in a sample?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Western blotting
Which of the following is an enzyme used in genetic engineering to join DNA fragments together?
a) DNA polymerase
b) Ligase
c) Restriction endonuclease
d) RNA polymerase
Answer: b) Ligase
Which of the following is a technique used to transfer genes into eukaryotic cells?
a) Transformation
b) Transduction
c) Transfection
d) Conjugation
Answer: c) Transfection
Which of the following is a type of cloning that involves producing genetically identical copies of an organism?
a) Reproductive cloning
b) Therapeutic cloning
c) Molecular cloning
d) Hybrid cloning
Answer: a) Reproductive cloning
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence of a specific DNA sequence in a sample?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: d) Southern blotting
Which of the following is a process used to produce large quantities of a specific protein?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Cloning
c) Expression
d) Mutagenesis
Answer: c) Expression
Which of the following is an organism that contains genes from another species?
a) Transgenic organism
b) Clone
c) Vector
d) Host cell
Answer: a) Transgenic organism
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) DNA sequencing
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) DNA sequencing
Which of the following is an application of genetic engineering?
a) Production of genetically modified crops
b) Cloning of animals
c) Development of gene therapies
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is a technique used to identify specific genes or DNA sequences in a genome?
a) Genomic library construction
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Hybridization
d) Mutagenesis
Answer: c) Hybridization
Which of the following is a technique used to insert foreign DNA into a host cell?
a) Transformation
b) Transduction
c) Transfection
d) Conjugation
Answer: a) Transformation
Which of the following is a technique used to amplify specific RNA sequences?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Which of the following is a technique used to identify and analyze gene expression patterns?
a) DNA sequencing
b) Microarray analysis
c) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
d) Southern blotting
Answer: b) Microarray analysis
Which of the following is an application of biotechnology in medicine?
a) Development of gene therapies
b) Production of therapeutic proteins
c) Genetic testing and diagnosis
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize DNA fragments in a gel?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: a) Gel electrophoresis
Which of the following is a technique used to introduce foreign genes into plants?
a) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
b) Lipofection
c) Electroporation
d) Gene gun method
Answer: a) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the function of a gene by inactivating or modifying it?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Gene knockout
c) Gene cloning
d) Gene expression profiling
Answer: b) Gene knockout
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) Microarray analysis
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) DNA sequencing
Answer: b) Microarray analysis
Which of the following is a technique used to produce multiple copies of a specific DNA sequence?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Which of the following is a technique used to introduce foreign genes into animal cells?
a) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
b) Lipofection
c) Electroporation
d) Gene gun method
Answer: b) Lipofection
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence of a specific protein in a sample?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Western blotting
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the expression of a specific gene or genes?
a) DNA sequencing
b) Microarray analysis
c) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Which of the following is a technique used to transfer genes from one organism to another using a virus as a vector?
a) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
b) Lipofection
c) Transduction
d) Electroporation
Answer: c) Transduction
Which of the following is an application of biotechnology in agriculture?
a) Development of genetically modified crops
b) Production of biofuels
c) Improvement of crop yield and quality
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the expression of genes at the level of RNA?
a) DNA sequencing
b) Microarray analysis
c) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
d) Southern blotting
Answer: b) Microarray analysis
Which of the following is a technique used to introduce foreign genes into animal cells using an electric field?
a) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
b) Lipofection
c) Electroporation
d) Gene gun method
Answer: c) Electroporation
Which of the following is a technique used to identify and analyze specific proteins in a sample?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Western blotting
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze gene expression patterns in individual cells?
a) DNA sequencing
b) Single-cell RNA sequencing
c) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
d) Southern blotting
Answer: b) Single-cell RNA sequencing
Which of the following is a technique used to introduce foreign genes into bacteria using a bacteriophage as a vector?
a) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
b) Lipofection
c) Transduction
d) Electroporation
Answer: c) Transduction
Which of the following is an application of biotechnology in environmental science?
a) Bioremediation
b) Detection of environmental pollutants
c) Production of biofuels
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the function of genes by introducing specific mutations?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Gene knockout
c) Gene cloning
d) Gene expression profiling
Answer: b) Gene knockout
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence of specific mRNA molecules in a sample?
a) DNA sequencing
b) Microarray analysis
c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Which of the following is a technique used to identify specific proteins in a sample based on their binding to specific antibodies?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) Western blotting
Which of the following is an application of biotechnology in forensic science?
a) DNA fingerprinting
b) Genetic profiling
c) Identification of suspects
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the presence and abundance of specific proteins in a sample?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Western blotting
d) Mass spectrometry
Answer: d) Mass spectrometry
