Which of the following is the basic unit of inheritance in humans?
a) Chromosome
b) Gene
c) Allele
d) Nucleotide
Answer: b) Gene
How many chromosomes are present in a human somatic cell?
a) 23
b) 46
c) 22
d) 44
Answer: b) 46
Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: a) Down syndrome
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: b) Albinism
The ABO blood group system is an example of:
a) Sex-linked inheritance
b) Autosomal dominant inheritance
c) Autosomal recessive inheritance
d) Codominant inheritance
Answer: d) Codominant inheritance
Which of the following is an example of a multifactorial genetic disorder?
a) Hemophilia
b) Marfan syndrome
c) Huntington’s disease
d) Type 2 diabetes
Answer: d) Type 2 diabetes
Which of the following is a sex-linked genetic disorder?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Hemophilia
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Down syndrome
Answer: b) Hemophilia
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize and analyze an individual’s chromosomes?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Karyotyping
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Karyotyping
Which of the following genetic disorders is characterized by the inability to break down phenylalanine?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Tay-Sachs disease
c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the nervous system and leads to progressive degeneration of brain cells?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: d) Huntington’s disease
In a pedigree analysis, a filled-in circle represents:
a) A male with the trait of interest
b) A female with the trait of interest
c) A male without the trait of interest
d) A female without the trait of interest
Answer: b) A female with the trait of interest
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: c) Sickle cell anemia
Which of the following is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences for analysis?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Southern blotting
d) RNA interference
Answer: a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by the expansion of a trinucleotide repeat sequence in a specific gene?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Fragile X syndrome
d) Klinefelter syndrome
Answer: c) Fragile X syndrome
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences in an individual?
a) Genetic testing
b) DNA fingerprinting
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic testing
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by the absence of one sex chromosome (X or Y)?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Turner syndrome
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the order and physical distance between genes on a chromosome?
a) Genetic mapping
b) DNA sequencing
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic mapping
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to produce functional hemoglobin?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: c) Sickle cell anemia
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the genetic relatedness between individuals based on DNA sequence variations?
a) Genetic mapping
b) DNA sequencing
c) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
d) DNA fingerprinting
Answer: b) DNA sequencing
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of the dystrophin protein?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the expression of genes in an individual?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Microarray analysis
d) RNA interference
Answer: c) Microarray analysis
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Alzheimer’s disease
In a karyotype, which pair of chromosomes determines the sex of an individual?
a) 1st pair
b) 22nd pair
c) 23rd pair
d) 24th pair
Answer: c) 23rd pair
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze and compare the DNA sequences of different individuals?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: b) DNA sequencing
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by the expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat sequence in the huntingtin gene?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: d) Huntington’s disease
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence or absence of specific proteins in an individual?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Western blotting
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: b) Western blotting
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the abnormal structure of the CFTR protein, leading to the production of thick mucus in the lungs and other organs?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: a) Cystic fibrosis
Which of the following is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles?
a) Genetic testing
b) DNA fingerprinting
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: b) DNA fingerprinting
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive breakdown and loss of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Alzheimer’s disease
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence or absence of specific mRNA molecules in an individual?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
d) RNA interference
Answer: c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of the X chromosome in males?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: c) Klinefelter syndrome
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences in an individual?
a) Genetic testing
b) DNA fingerprinting
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic testing
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of one or more sex chromosomes?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Turner syndrome
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the order and physical distance between genes on a chromosome?
a) Genetic mapping
b) DNA sequencing
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic mapping
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of one sex chromosome (X or Y)?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Turner syndrome
In a pedigree analysis, a filled-in square represents:
a) A male with the trait of interest
b) A female with the trait of interest
c) A male without the trait of interest
d) A female without the trait of interest
Answer: a) A male with the trait of interest
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: c) Sickle cell anemia
Which of the following is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences for analysis?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Southern blotting
d) RNA interference
Answer: a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by the expansion of a trinucleotide repeat sequence in a specific gene?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Fragile X syndrome
d) Klinefelter syndrome
Answer: c) Fragile X syndrome
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences in an individual?
a) Genetic testing
b) DNA fingerprinting
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic testing
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Alzheimer’s disease
In a karyotype, which pair of chromosomes determines the sex of an individual?
a) 1st pair
b) 22nd pair
c) 23rd pair
d) 24th pair
Answer: c) 23rd pair
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize and analyze an individual’s chromosomes?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Karyotyping
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Karyotyping
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to break down phenylalanine?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Tay-Sachs disease
c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the nervous system and leads to progressive degeneration of brain cells?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: d) Huntington’s disease
In a pedigree analysis, a filled-in circle represents:
a) A male with the trait of interest
b) A female with the trait of interest
c) A male without the trait of interest
d) A female without the trait of interest
Answer: b) A female with the trait of interest
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize and analyze an individual’s chromosomes?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Karyotyping
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Karyotyping
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: b) Albinism
The ABO blood group system is an example of:
a) Sex-linked inheritance
b) Autosomal dominant inheritance
c) Autosomal recessive inheritance
d) Codominant inheritance
Answer: d) Codominant inheritance
Which of the following is an example of a multifactorial genetic disorder?
a) Hemophilia
b) Marfan syndrome
c) Huntington’s disease
d) Type 2 diabetes
Answer: d) Type 2 diabetes
Which of the following is a sex-linked genetic disorder?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Hemophilia
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Down syndrome
Answer: b) Hemophilia
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize and analyze an individual’s chromosomes?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Karyotyping
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Karyotyping
Which of the following genetic disorders is characterized by the inability to break down phenylalanine?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Tay-Sachs disease
c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: c) Sickle cell anemia
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences in an individual?
a) Genetic testing
b) DNA fingerprinting
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic testing
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive breakdown and loss of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Alzheimer’s disease
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the presence or absence of specific mRNA molecules in an individual?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
d) RNA interference
Answer: c) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of the X chromosome in males?
a) Down syndrome
b) Turner syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: c) Klinefelter syndrome
Which of the following is a technique used to determine the order and physical distance between genes on a chromosome?
a) Genetic mapping
b) DNA sequencing
c) Gel electrophoresis
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Genetic mapping
Which of the following is a technique used to analyze the expression of genes in an individual?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) Microarray analysis
d) RNA interference
Answer: c) Microarray analysis
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: b) Alzheimer’s disease
In a karyotype, which pair of chromosomes determines the sex of an individual?
a) 1st pair
b) 22nd pair
c) 23rd pair
d) 24th pair
Answer: c) 23rd pair
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize and analyze an individual’s chromosomes?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Karyotyping
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Karyotyping
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to break down phenylalanine?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Tay-Sachs disease
c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: c) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the nervous system and leads to progressive degeneration of brain cells?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Alzheimer’s disease
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Huntington’s disease
Answer: d) Huntington’s disease
In a pedigree analysis, a filled-in square represents:
a) A male with the trait of interest
b) A female with the trait of interest
c) A male without the trait of interest
d) A female without the trait of interest
Answer: a) A male with the trait of interest
Which of the following is a technique used to visualize and analyze an individual’s chromosomes?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Karyotyping
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Karyotyping
Which of the following is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Albinism
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: b) Albinism
The ABO blood group system is an example of:
a) Sex-linked inheritance
b) Autosomal dominant inheritance
c) Autosomal recessive inheritance
d) Codominant inheritance
Answer: d) Codominant inheritance
Which of the following is an example of a multifactorial genetic disorder?
a) Hemophilia
b) Marfan syndrome
c) Huntington’s disease
d) Type 2 diabetes
Answer: d) Type 2 diabetes
