Which of the following techniques is used to amplify specific DNA sequences in the laboratory?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) DNA sequencing
d) Southern blotting
Answer: b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
What is the role of restriction enzymes in molecular biotechnology?
a) They amplify DNA sequences.
b) They sequence DNA.
c) They cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) They join DNA fragments together.
Answer: c) They cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
a) A plant that has been selectively bred for improved yield.
b) A bacteria that produces insulin for medical use.
c) A human with a gene mutation.
d) A virus that causes a disease.
Answer: b) A bacteria that produces insulin for medical use.
What is the purpose of a vector in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To carry and deliver foreign DNA into a host organism.
Answer: d) To carry and deliver foreign DNA into a host organism.
Which of the following techniques is used to determine the order of nucleotides in a DNA sequence?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) DNA sequencing
d) Southern blotting
Answer: c) DNA sequencing
What is the purpose of a plasmid in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To carry and replicate foreign DNA in bacteria.
Answer: d) To carry and replicate foreign DNA in bacteria.
What is the function of reverse transcriptase in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To convert RNA into DNA.
Answer: d) To convert RNA into DNA.
Which of the following techniques is used to separate DNA fragments based on size?
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
c) DNA sequencing
d) Southern blotting
Answer: a) Gel electrophoresis
What is the purpose of a primer in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To initiate DNA synthesis at a specific target sequence.
Answer: d) To initiate DNA synthesis at a specific target sequence.
Which of the following is a technique used to introduce foreign DNA into plant cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
What is the purpose of DNA ligase in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To join DNA fragments together.
Answer: d) To join DNA fragments together.
Which of the following techniques is used to visualize DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Southern blotting
d) Western blotting
Answer: c) Southern blotting
What is the purpose of a gene expression vector in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To produce and express a specific protein.
Answer: d) To produce and express a specific protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to transfer DNA fragments from a gel to a solid support membrane?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Southern blotting
d) Western blotting
Answer: c) Southern blotting
What is the purpose of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To convert RNA into DNA and amplify specific RNA sequences.
d) To visualize gene expression levels.
Answer: c) To convert RNA into DNA and amplify specific RNA sequences.
Which of the following techniques is used to study gene expression levels in cells or tissues?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Northern blotting
d) Western blotting
Answer: c) Northern blotting
What is the purpose of a selectable marker in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To identify and select cells that have taken up foreign DNA.
Answer: d) To identify and select cells that have taken up foreign DNA.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein expression levels in cells or tissues?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Northern blotting
d) Western blotting
Answer: d) Western blotting
What is the purpose of a reporter gene in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To monitor gene expression and protein production.
Answer: d) To monitor gene expression and protein production.
Which of the following techniques is used to introduce foreign DNA into animal cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Transfection
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Transfection
What is the purpose of dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) in DNA sequencing?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To terminate DNA synthesis at specific positions.
Answer: d) To terminate DNA synthesis at specific positions.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze gene expression patterns in cells or tissues?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Microarray analysis
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Microarray analysis
What is the purpose of a promoter region in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To regulate gene expression.
Answer: d) To regulate gene expression.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein-protein interactions?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Yeast two-hybrid assay
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Yeast two-hybrid assay
What is the purpose of a fusion protein in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Answer: d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze gene function by inhibiting gene expression?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) RNA interference (RNAi)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) RNA interference (RNAi)
What is the purpose of a fusion gene in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To combine the coding sequences of two or more genes.
Answer: d) To combine the coding sequences of two or more genes.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze gene expression in a high-throughput manner?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Microarray analysis
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Microarray analysis
What is the purpose of a fusion promoter in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Answer: d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the three-dimensional structure of proteins?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) X-ray crystallography
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) X-ray crystallography
What is the purpose of a signal peptide in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To direct the secretion of a protein.
Answer: d) To direct the secretion of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein localization within cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and nucleic acids?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
What is the purpose of a fusion reporter gene in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Answer: d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein-protein interactions in living cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and small molecules?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
What is the purpose of a fusion protein in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Answer: d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and DNA?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
What is the purpose of a fusion promoter in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Answer: d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Which of the following techniques is used to study protein-protein interactions on a large scale?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Yeast two-hybrid screening
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Yeast two-hybrid screening
What is the purpose of a fusion reporter gene in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Answer: d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein localization within cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study protein-protein interactions in living cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and small molecules?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
What is the purpose of a fusion protein in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Answer: d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and DNA?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
What is the purpose of a fusion promoter in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Answer: d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Which of the following techniques is used to study protein-protein interactions on a large scale?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Yeast two-hybrid screening
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Yeast two-hybrid screening
What is the purpose of a fusion reporter gene in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Answer: d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein localization within cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study protein-protein interactions in living cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and small molecules?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
What is the purpose of a fusion protein in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Answer: d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and DNA?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
What is the purpose of a fusion promoter in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Answer: d) To drive the expression of a fusion gene.
Which of the following techniques is used to study protein-protein interactions on a large scale?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Yeast two-hybrid screening
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Yeast two-hybrid screening
What is the purpose of a fusion reporter gene in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Answer: d) To monitor gene expression using a detectable signal.
Which of the following techniques is used to analyze protein localization within cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Immunofluorescence microscopy
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study protein-protein interactions in living cells?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
What is the purpose of a fusion tag in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Answer: d) To facilitate the purification and detection of a protein.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and small molecules?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
What is the purpose of a fusion protein in molecular biotechnology?
a) To amplify DNA sequences.
b) To sequence DNA.
c) To cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Answer: d) To combine the functions of two or more proteins.
Which of the following techniques is used to study the interactions between proteins and DNA?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) DNA sequencing
c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: c) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
