Surface Chemistry MCQs with Answers

AdminOctober 29, 2023

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What is the process of converting chemical energy into electrical energy called?
a) Electrolysis
b) Galvanization
c) Electroplating
d) Electrochemical cell
Answer: d) Electrochemical cell

What is the SI unit of electric charge?
a) Ampere
b) Coulomb
c) Volt
d) Ohm
Answer: b) Coulomb

Which of the following is a common example of an electrochemical cell?
a) Alkaline battery
b) Solar cell
c) Fuel cell
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

What is the oxidation half-reaction in the following redox reaction: Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu?
a) Zn → Zn2+ + 2e-
b) Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
c) Zn → Cu2+ + 2e-
d) Zn2+ + 2e- → Zn
Answer: a) Zn → Zn2+ + 2e-

In an electrochemical cell, where does oxidation occur?
a) Anode
b) Cathode
c) Salt bridge
d) Electrolyte
Answer: a) Anode

What is the function of a salt bridge in an electrochemical cell?
a) It completes the circuit.
b) It prevents the mixing of electrolytes.
c) It allows the flow of ions to balance the charge.
d) It increases the conductivity of the electrolyte.
Answer: c) It allows the flow of ions to balance the charge.

What is the standard electrode potential of a hydrogen electrode?
a) 0 V
b) +1.23 V
c) -1.23 V
d) +0.0592 V
Answer: a) 0 V

Which of the following factors affect the rate of an electrochemical reaction?
a) Concentration of reactants
b) Temperature
c) Surface area of electrodes
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

What is the Faraday’s constant?
a) 6.022 × 10^23 mol^-1
b) 96485 C mol^-1
c) 8.314 J mol^-1 K^-1
d) 1 atm
Answer: b) 96485 C mol^-1

What is the purpose of an electrochemical series?
a) To predict the direction of electron flow in a redox reaction
b) To determine the standard electrode potentials of various elements
c) To rank elements based on their reducing or oxidizing abilities
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

What is the function of a voltmeter in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To measure the current flowing in the cell
c) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
d) To prevent overcharging of the cell
Answer: a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes

Which of the following is a strong oxidizing agent?
a) Ag+
b) H2
c) F2
d) Cu2+
Answer: c) F2

Which of the following is a strong reducing agent?
a) Ag+
b) H2
c) F2
d) Cu2+
Answer: b) H2

What is the equation for calculating cell potential (Ecell)?
a) Ecell = Eoxidation + Ereduction
b) Ecell = Eoxidation – Ereduction
c) Ecell = Eoxidation x Ereduction
d) Ecell = Eoxidation / Ereduction
Answer: b) Ecell = Eoxidation – Ereduction

Which of the following statements is true regarding electrolytic cells?
a) They use a spontaneous redox reaction to generate electrical energy.
b) They use an external electrical source to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
c) They operate only at standard conditions.
d) They do not involve any redox reactions.
Answer: b) They use an external electrical source to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction.

Which of the following is an example of an electrolytic cell?
a) Voltaic cell
b) Fuel cell
c) Electroplating cell
d) Daniel cell
Answer: c) Electroplating cell

What is the function of an ammeter in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To measure the current flowing in the cell
c) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
d) To prevent overcharging of the cell
Answer: b) To measure the current flowing in the cell

Which of the following is a common example of an electrolytic cell?
a) Alkaline battery
b) Solar cell
c) Fuel cell
d) Electrolysis of water
Answer: d) Electrolysis of water

What is the purpose of a reference electrode in an electrochemical cell?
a) To provide a stable and known electrode potential
b) To measure the current flowing in the cell
c) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
d) To prevent overcharging of the cell
Answer: a) To provide a stable and known electrode potential

Which of the following statements about the Nernst equation is true?
a) It relates the concentration of reactants to the cell potential.
b) It calculates the standard electrode potential of a half-cell.
c) It determines the resistance of the electrolyte in the cell.
d) It measures the current flowing in the cell.
Answer: a) It relates the concentration of reactants to the cell potential.

Which of the following is an example of a non-spontaneous redox reaction?
a) Combustion of hydrogen gas
b) Oxidation of iron
c) Reduction of oxygen
d) Electrolysis of water
Answer: d) Electrolysis of water

Which of the following is true for a galvanic cell?
a) The anode is the site of reduction.
b) The cathode is the site of oxidation.
c) The cell potential is negative.
d) The redox reaction is non-spontaneous.
Answer: b) The cathode is the site of oxidation.

Which of the following statements is true regarding a concentration cell?
a) It uses the same electrolyte with different concentrations in the anode and cathode compartments.
b) It generates electrical energy from a spontaneous redox reaction.
c) It involves the transfer of electrons between two different electrolytes.
d) It operates only at standard conditions.
Answer: a) It uses the same electrolyte with different concentrations in the anode and cathode compartments.

In a galvanic cell, which electrode is considered the positive electrode?
a) Anode
b) Cathode
c) Salt bridge
d) Electrolyte
Answer: b) Cathode

Which of the following is a common application of electroplating?
a) Purification of metals
b) Electrolysis of water
c) Production of hydrogen gas
d) Coating metal objects with a layer of another metal
Answer: d) Coating metal objects with a layer of another metal

What is the process of passing an electric current through a solution to produce a chemical change called?
a) Electroplating
b) Electrolysis
c) Galvanization
d) Electrochemical cell
Answer: b) Electrolysis

What is the standard electrode potential of a silver electrode?
a) +0.80 V
b) -0.76 V
c) +0.34 V
d) -0.44 V
Answer: b) -0.76 V

Which of the following statements is true regarding a voltaic cell?
a) It uses an external electrical source to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
b) It operates only at standard conditions.
c) It involves the transfer of electrons between two different electrolytes.
d) It generates electrical energy from a spontaneous redox reaction.
Answer: d) It generates electrical energy from a spontaneous redox reaction.

What is the equation for calculating the number of moles of electrons transferred in a redox reaction?
a) n = Q/F
b) n = I/F
c) n = Q/I
d) n = F/Q
Answer: a) n = Q/F

Which of the following factors does not affect the cell potential of an electrochemical cell?
a) Concentration of reactants
b) Temperature
c) Pressure
d) Nature of the electrode materials
Answer: c) Pressure

Which of the following is a common example of a fuel cell?
a) Lead-acid battery
b) Lithium-ion battery
c) Alkaline battery
d) Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Answer: d) Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Which of the following is an example of a non-spontaneous redox reaction?
a) Oxidation of iron
b) Reduction of oxygen
c) Combustion of hydrogen gas
d) Electrolysis of water
Answer: d) Electrolysis of water

What is the function of a potentiostat in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
c) To maintain a constant potential at the working electrode
d) To prevent overcharging of the cell
Answer: c) To maintain a constant potential at the working electrode

Which of the following is an example of an oxidation-reduction reaction?
a) Dissolution of salt in water
b) Formation of a covalent bond
c) Combustion of a hydrocarbon
d) Acid-base neutralization
Answer: c) Combustion of a hydrocarbon

Which of the following statements is true regarding the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)?
a) It is the reference electrode for measuring electrode potentials.
b) It is the anode in an electrochemical cell.
c) It is made of platinum.
d) It has a fixed electrode potential of +1.23 V.
Answer: a) It is the reference electrode for measuring electrode potentials.

What is the function of a coulometer in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To measure the current flowing in the cell
c) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
d) To measure the amount of charge passing through the cell
Answer: d) To measure the amount of charge passing through the cell

Which of the following statements is true regarding a half-cell?
a) It consists of an anode and a cathode connected by a wire.
b) It is the site of reduction in an electrochemical cell.
c) It is the site of oxidation in an electrochemical cell.
d) It does not participate in the redox reaction.
Answer: c) It is the site of oxidation in an electrochemical cell.

What is the equation for calculating the cell potential at non-standard conditions using the Nernst equation?
a) Ecell = Estandard – (RT/nF) ln(Q)
b) Ecell = Estandard + (RT/nF) ln(Q)
c) Ecell = Estandard – (nF/RT) ln(Q)
d) Ecell = Estandard + (nF/RT) ln(Q)
Answer: a) Ecell = Estandard – (RT/nF) ln(Q)

Which of the following statements is true regarding a redox reaction?
a) It involves the transfer of protons.
b) It involves the transfer of electrons.
c) It occurs only in acidic solutions.
d) It does not involve any change in oxidation states.
Answer: b) It involves the transfer of electrons.

What is the oxidation half-reaction in the following redox reaction: Fe2+ + MnO4- → Fe3+ + Mn2+?
a) Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e-
b) MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O
c) MnO4- → Mn2+ + 4e-
d) Fe3+ + e- → Fe2+
Answer: b) MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O

Which of the following is true for an electrolytic cell?
a) The anode is the site of reduction.
b) The cathode is the site of oxidation.
c) The cell potential is negative.
d) The redox reaction is non-spontaneous.
Answer: d) The redox reaction is non-spontaneous.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the standard electrode potential?
a) It represents the tendency of an electrode to gain electrons.
b) It represents the tendency of an electrode to lose electrons.
c) It is measured in volts.
d) It is independent of temperature.
Answer: b) It represents the tendency of an electrode to lose electrons.

Which of the following is an example of a spontaneous redox reaction?
a) Electrolysis of water
b) Oxidation of iron
c) Reduction of oxygen
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Oxidation of iron

Which of the following is the correct representation of a cell notation for the following electrochemical cell: Cu | Cu2+ || Ag+ | Ag?
a) Cu(s) | Cu2+(aq) || Ag+(aq) | Ag(s)
b) Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s) || Ag+(aq) | Ag(s)
c) Cu(s) | Cu2+(aq) || Ag(s) | Ag+(aq)
d) Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s) || Ag(s) | Ag+(aq)
Answer: b) Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s) || Ag+(aq) | Ag(s)

What is the purpose of a three-electrode system in electrochemical measurements?
a) To maintain a constant temperature in the cell
b) To prevent the mixing of electrolytes
c) To measure the cell potential accurately
d) To increase the conductivity of the electrolyte
Answer: c) To measure the cell potential accurately

Which of the following is an example of a primary cell?
a) Lead-acid battery
b) Lithium-ion battery
c) Alkaline battery
d) Zinc-carbon battery
Answer: d) Zinc-carbon battery

What is the equation for calculating the cell potential at standard conditions?
a) Ecell = Eoxidation + Ereduction
b) Ecell = Eoxidation – Ereduction
c) Ecell = Eoxidation x Ereduction
d) Ecell = Eoxidation / Ereduction
Answer: a) Ecell = Eoxidation + Ereduction

Which of the following statements is true regarding a half-cell potential?
a) It is a measure of the reactivity of the electrode.
b) It depends on the concentration of the electrolyte.
c) It is independent of the nature of the electrode material.
d) It is measured in coulombs.
Answer: a) It is a measure of the reactivity of the electrode.

Which of the following is an example of a secondary cell?
a) Lead-acid battery
b) Lithium-ion battery
c) Alkaline battery
d) Zinc-carbon battery
Answer: b) Lithium-ion battery

What is the function of a potentiometer in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
c) To maintain a constant potential at the working electrode
d) To prevent overcharging of the cell
Answer: a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes

Which of the following is an example of a strong oxidizing agent?
a) Fe2+
b) H2
c) Cl2
d) Zn2+
Answer: c) Cl2

Which of the following is an example of a strong reducing agent?
a) Fe2+
b) H2
c) Cl2
d) Zn2+
Answer: b) H2

Which of the following is an example of a half-reaction for the reduction of oxygen?
a) 2H2O + 2e- → 2OH-
b) O2 + 2H2O + 4e- → 4OH-
c) O2 + 4H+ + 4e- → 2H2O
d) 2H+ + 2e- → H2
Answer: c) O2 + 4H+ + 4e- → 2H2O

Which of the following is an example of a half-reaction for the oxidation of water?
a) 2H2O + 2e- → 2OH-
b) O2 + 2H2O + 4e- → 4OH-
c) O2 + 4H+ + 4e- → 2H2O
d) 2H+ + 2e- → H2
Answer: d) 2H+ + 2e- → H2

Which of the following is an example of a spontaneous redox reaction?
a) Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu
b) Fe + H2O → FeO + H2
c) NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl
d) Cu + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2
Answer: a) Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Nernst equation?
a) It relates the concentration of reactants to the cell potential.
b) It calculates the standard electrode potential of a half-cell.
c) It determines the resistance of the electrolyte in the cell.
d) It measures the current flowing in the cell.
Answer: a) It relates the concentration of reactants to the cell potential.

Which of the following is an example of an electrochemical process?
a) Dissolution of salt in water
b) Formation of a covalent bond
c) Combustion of a hydrocarbon
d) Redox reaction
Answer: d) Redox reaction

What is the purpose of a working electrode in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
c) To maintain a constant potential at the working electrode
d) To provide a surface for the redox reaction to occur
Answer: d) To provide a surface for the redox reaction to occur

Which of the following statements is true regarding an electrochemical equilibrium?
a) The rate of the oxidation reaction is equal to the rate of the reduction reaction.
b) The concentration of reactants and products is equal.
c) The cell potential is zero.
d) The reaction has come to a complete stop.
Answer: a) The rate of the oxidation reaction is equal to the rate of the reduction reaction.

What is the purpose of a counter electrode in an electrochemical cell?
a) To measure the potential difference between the electrodes
b) To control the flow of electrons in the circuit
c) To maintain a constant potential at the working electrode
d) To complete the electrical circuit
Answer: d) To complete the electrical circuit

Which of the following is an example of a half-reaction for the reduction of hydrogen ions?
a) 2H2O + 2e- → 2OH-
b) O2 + 2H2O + 4e- → 4OH-
c) O2 + 4H+ + 4e- → 2H2O
d) 2H+ + 2e- → H2
Answer: d) 2H+ + 2e- → H2

Which of the following is an example of a half-reaction for the oxidation of hydrogen ions?
a) 2H2O + 2e- → 2OH-
b) O2 + 2H2O + 4e- → 4OH-
c) O2 + 4H+ + 4e- → 2H2O
d) 2H+ + 2e- → H2
Answer: a) 2H2O + 2e- → 2OH-

Which of the following statements is true regarding the electromotive force (EMF) of an electrochemical cell?
a) It is the potential difference between the anode and cathode.
b) It is the maximum potential difference the cell can generate.
c) It depends on the concentration of the electrolyte.
d) It is measured in amperes.
Answer: b) It is the maximum potential difference the cell can generate.

Which of the following is an example of a strong oxidizing agent?
a) H2
b) Fe2+
c) Cl2
d) Zn2+
Answer: c) Cl2

Which of the following is an example of a strong reducing agent?
a) H2
b) Fe2+
c) Cl2
d) Zn2+
Answer: a) H2

Which of the following is the correct representation of a cell notation for the following electrochemical cell: Zn | Zn2+ || Cu2+ | Cu?
a) Zn(s) | Zn2+(aq) || Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s)
b) Zn2+(aq) | Zn(s) || Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s)
c) Zn(s) | Zn2+(aq) || Cu(s) | Cu2+(aq)
d) Zn2+(aq) | Zn(s) || Cu(s) | Cu2+(aq)
Answer: a) Zn(s) | Zn2+(aq) || Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s)

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What is the process by which adsorbed molecules combine to form a stable adsorbate layer called?
a) Desorption
b) Adsorption
c) Adsorption isotherm
d) Chemisorption
Answer: d) Chemisorption

Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous catalysis reaction?
a) Haber process
b) Enzyme-catalyzed reaction
c) Acid-base neutralization
d) Electrochemical reaction
Answer: a) Haber process

Which of the following factors affect the rate of adsorption?
a) Temperature
b) Pressure
c) Nature of the adsorbent and adsorbate
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

What is the phenomenon by which gases are retained in the pores of a solid called?
a) Adsorption
b) Absorption
c) Diffusion
d) Desorption
Answer: a) Adsorption

Which of the following is an example of a surfactant?
a) Water
b) Salt
c) Soap
d) Ethanol
Answer: c) Soap

What is the process by which adsorbed molecules are released from the surface called?
a) Desorption
b) Adsorption
c) Adsorption isotherm
d) Chemisorption
Answer: a) Desorption

What is the process by which a solute accumulates at the interface between two immiscible phases called?
a) Adsorption
b) Absorption
c) Emulsification
d) Partitioning
Answer: d) Partitioning

Which of the following is an example of a zeolite?
a) Silica gel
b) Activated charcoal
c) Graphite
d) Montmorillonite clay
Answer: a) Silica gel

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous catalysis reaction?
a) Haber process
b) Enzyme-catalyzed reaction
c) Acid-base neutralization
d) Electrochemical reaction
Answer: c) Acid-base neutralization

What is the process by which a substance diffuses from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration through a semipermeable membrane called?
a) Osmosis
b) Dialysis
c) Diffusion
d) Filtration
Answer: c) Diffusion

Which of the following is an example of an emulsifying agent?
a) Soap
b) Salt
c) Water
d) Ethanol
Answer: a) Soap

What is the term used to describe the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature?
a) Solubility
b) Saturation
c) Concentration
d) Molarity
Answer: a) Solubility

What is the process by which a solid directly changes into a gas without passing through the liquid phase called?
a) Sublimation
b) Evaporation
c) Condensation
d) Desorption
Answer: a) Sublimation

Which of the following is an example of a catalytic poison?
a) Platinum
b) Palladium
c) Arsenic
d) Nickel
Answer: c) Arsenic

What is the term used to describe the energy required to remove one mole of adsorbate from the surface of a solid adsorbent?
a) Adsorption energy
b) Desorption energy
c) Activation energy
d) Bond energy
Answer: b) Desorption energy

Which of the following is an example of a lyophilic colloid?
a) Starch solution
b) Milk
c) Gold sol
d) Emulsion
Answer: a) Starch solution

What is the process by which a gas is dissolved in a liquid to form a solution called?
a) Absorption
b) Adsorption
c) Desorption
d) Solvation
Answer: a) Absorption

Which of the following factors affect the rate of dissolution of a solid solute in a liquid solvent?
a) Temperature
b) Surface area of the solute
c) Agitation
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

What is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas at a temperature below its boiling point called?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Sublimation
d) Vaporization
Answer: a) Evaporation

Which of the following is an example of a micelle?
a) Soap bubble
b) Salt crystal
c) Water droplet
d) Emulsion
Answer: a) Soap bubble

What is the process by which a gas escapes from a solution at a temperature above its boiling point called?
a) Absorption
b) Adsorption
c) Desorption
d) Effusion
Answer: d) Effusion

Which of the following is an example of a lyophobic colloid?
a) Starch solution
b) Milk
c) Gold sol
d) Emulsion
Answer: c) Gold sol

What is the term used to describe the attraction between molecules of the same substance?
a) Cohesion
b) Adhesion
c) Surface tension
d) Viscosity
Answer: a) Cohesion

Which of the following is an example of a dispersion medium?
a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) Solvent
Answer: b) Liquid

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon by which the surface of a liquid behaves like a stretched elastic sheet?
a) Cohesion
b) Adhesion
c) Surface tension
d) Viscosity
Answer: c) Surface tension

Which of the following is an example of a sol?
a) Air
b) Saltwater
c) Smoke
d) Wood
Answer: b) Saltwater

What is the term used to describe the resistance of a liquid to flow?
a) Cohesion
b) Adhesion
c) Surface tension
d) Viscosity
Answer: d) Viscosity

Which of the following is an example of an aerosol?
a) Smoke
b) Saltwater
c) Milk
d) Wood
Answer: a) Smoke

What is the term used to describe the ability of a liquid to flow against gravity?
a) Cohesion
b) Adhesion
c) Capillary action
d) Viscosity
Answer: c) Capillary action

Which of the following is an example of a solute?
a) Air
b) Water
c) Salt
d) Solvent
Answer: c) Salt

What is the process by which a solid solute directly changes into a gas without passing through the liquid phase called?
a) Sublimation
b) Evaporation
c) Condensation
d) Desorption
Answer: a) Sublimation

Which of the following is an example of an emulsion?
a) Soap bubble
b) Salt crystal
c) Water droplet
d) Milk
Answer: d) Milk

What is the term used to describe the attraction between molecules of different substances?
a) Cohesion
b) Adhesion
c) Surface tension
d) Viscosity
Answer: b) Adhesion

Which of the following is an example of a gel?
a) Air
b) Saltwater
c) Jello
d) Wood
Answer: c) Jello

What is the process by which colloidal particles come together to form larger particles called?
a) Coagulation
b) Flocculation
c) Precipitation
d) Aggregation
Answer: b) Flocculation

Which of the following is an example of a suspension?
a) Air
b) Saltwater
c) Milk
d) Wood
Answer: c) Milk

What is the term used to describe the separation of colloidal particles from a solution due to the addition of an electrolyte?
a) Coagulation
b) Flocculation
c) Precipitation
d) Aggregation
Answer: a) Coagulation

Which of the following is an example of a coagulating agent?
a) Salt
b) Soap
c) Water
d) Ethanol
Answer: a) Salt

What is the term used to describe the scattering of light by colloidal particles?
a) Osmosis
b) Dialysis
c) Tyndall effect
d) Filtration
Answer: c) Tyndall effect

Which of the following is an example of a protective colloid?
a) Gelatin
b) Soap
c) Water
d) Ethanol
Answer: a) Gelatin

What is the term used to describe the separation of colloidal particles from a solution due to the addition of an oppositely charged colloid?
a) Coagulation
b) Flocculation
c) Precipitation
d) Aggregation
Answer: a) Coagulation

Which of the following is an example of a lyophobic colloid?
a) Starch solution
b) Milk
c) Gold sol
d) Emulsion
Answer: c) Gold sol

What is the term used to describe the movement of solvent molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane?
a) Osmosis
b) Dialysis
c) Diffusion
d) Filtration
Answer: b) Dialysis

Which of the following is an example of a suspension?
a) Air
b) Saltwater
c) Milk
d) Wood
Answer: c) Milk

What is the term used to describe the movement of solvent molecules from a region of higher solute concentration to a region of lower solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane?
a) Osmosis
b) Dialysis
c) Diffusion
d) Filtration
Answer: a) Osmosis